Views

Do some traders have an advantage over others… and does it matter? How fast are equity markets? Or how much of the market operates at high speed? big xyt took an electron microscope to our normalised market data to find out. We analysed UK lit markets to measure the time between a trade and the last relevant orderbook change. The FCA established 500μs as a speed benchmark in their latency races paper. This is 200x faster than the 1/10 of a second after the gun in which a sprinter can false start.

There is a difference between what people say and what they do. Companies are realising the importance of actions speaking louder than words and are beginning to focus on changing behaviours not just the “Values” statement on their website. Investments are no different as can be seen in our analysis today. Investment in companies with strong Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) mandates are already being grouped together by ETF issuers to facilitate easier investment in ready-made portfolios of socially responsible companies.

As a trailer for our forthcoming Q2 2021 survey of European equity market microstructure, we thought you might like a sneak peek at what’s been happening to fragmentation. Following Brexit and the divergence of dark trading rules, we have been monitoring the trend in the UK. The graph below shows the UK250 index where on-order book ‘lit continuous’ trading has reached a 5-year low in terms of the daily market share traded in June at just 28.5%, while auction market share is a whisker under the previous record high in December at 22.7%. Meanwhile, dark trading has risen to over 12% from 9% prior to October 2020.

In the search for liquidity, particularly whilst minimising market impact, a means to identify large trades and where they take place is key for the investing community. The regulatory changes in MiFIDII introduced the concept of Large In Scale (LIS). No, not not a post-Brexit way to limit fishing quotas, rather a means to identify large transactions in financial instruments. In the equity landscape this has resulted in some confusion post-Brexit. Depending on the activity in each individual stock, an LIS threshold was set, above which the trade could be classed as a block trade. As Broker Crossing Networks were abolished at the same time, this LIS threshold was applied as one of the permissible justifications of many venues supporting dark trading.

We’re not too sure what all the excitement is about… at big xyt we have been researching the changing shape of the dark landscape for years. In fact, rather like long established theories, on the face of it European dark trading volumes have remained relatively steady. Our team of curious data scientists likes to help the trading community to explore a bit deeper and it’s easy to see that Pan-European dark volumes have been in a fairly tight range with around 8% share of adjusted (our proxy for addressable volumes) for some time, only getting squeezed temporarily with the onset of double volume caps in mid 2018.

Navigating the choppy waters of ETF liquidity is challenging and requires visibility of all available trade mechanisms. The chart below looks at the European ETF universe however the picture changes